Journal Of Ethnopharmacology

 Journal

 Raffia Palm (Raphia Hookeri G. Mann & H. Wendl) Wine Modulates Glucose Homeostasis By Enhancing Insulin Secretion And Inhibiting Redox Imbalance In A Rat Model Of Diabetes Induced By High Fructose Diet And Streptozotocin

 Erukainure OL, Oyebode OA, Ijomone OM, Chukwuma CI, Koorbanally NA, Islam MS

 2019

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Raffia palm (Raphia hookeri) wine (RPW) is amongst the natural products from plants, utilized singly or in combination with other medicinal plants for the treatment of several ailments including Diabetes Mellitus (DM). However, there is a scientific dearth on its antidiabetic activity. Aim: The antidiabetic effect of RPW and its possible mechanism of actions were investigated in diabetic rats. Methods: Four groups of male SD rats were first supplied with 10% fructose solution ad libitum for 2 weeks instead of drinking water followed by an intraperitonial injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) to induce diabetes. Two diabetic groups were administered RPW at 150 and 300 mg/kg bodyweight (BW) respectively; a group was administered with metformin, while the other one was served as a negative control. Two groups of normal rats were administered with water and RPW (300 mg/kg BW) and served as normal control and normal toxicology group, respectively. Results: Five weeks treatment of RPW led to significant (p < 0.05) increase in serum insulin and HDL-c levels with concomitant reduction in blood glucose, fructosamine, ALT, uric acid, triglycerides and LDL-c levels in diabetic rats. Rats treated with RPW had elevated levels of GSH, SOD, catalase, ATPase and ?-amylase activities, while reduced NO level and myeloperoxidase activity was observed in their serum and pancreatic tissues. RPW also improved pancreatic ?-cell function and restored ?- and acinar cells morphology, and capillary networks. The activities of glycogen phosphorylase, fructose 1,6 biphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase, and acetylcholinesterase were also inhibited in RPW-treated diabetic rats, with concomitant down regulation of Nrf2 gene expression. Conclusion: The data of this study suggest that RPW modulates glucose homeostasis by enhancing insulin secretion as well as inhibiting redox imbalance in diabetic rats, which may be attributed to the synergetic effects of its phytochemical constituents as identified by GC-MS analysis. 

 Metabolic Brain Disease

 Journal

 Type 2 Diabetes Induced Oxidative Brain Injury Involves Altered Cerebellar Neuronal Integrity And Elemental Distribution, And Exacerbated Nrf2 Expression: Therapeutic Potential Of Raffia Palm (Raphia Hookeri) Wine

 Erukainure OL, Ijomone OM, Sanni O, Aschner M, Islam MS

 2019

NILL 

 Food And Chemical Toxicology

 Journal

 Hyperglycemia-induced Oxidative Brain Injury: Therapeutic Effects Of Cola Nitida Infusion Against Redox Imbalance, Cerebellar Neuronal Insults, And Upregulated Nrf2 Expression In Type 2 Diabetic Rats

 Erukainure OL, Ijomone OM, Oyebode OA, Chukwuma CI, Aschner M, Islam MS

 2019

NILL 

 Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy; Elsevier

 Journal

 Modulatory Effect Of Eugenol On Arginase, Nucleotidase, And Adenosine Deaminase Activities Of Platelets In A Carrageenan-induced Arthritis Rat Model: A Possible Anti-arthritic Mechanism Of Eugenol

 Adefegha SA, Okeke BM, Oboh G, Ijomone OM, Oyeleye SI

 2018

This study investigated the effect of eugenol on arginase, nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase activities in platelets of carrageenan-induced arthritic rat model to explain a possible anti-arthritic mechanism of eugenol. Fifty adult female rats (140–250 g) were divided into ten (10) groups (n=5). Group I received oral administration of corn oil, group II received 2.50 mg/kg of eugenol, group III and IV rats received oral administration of 5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg of eugenol respectively, group V received 0.20 mg/kg of dexamethasone orally, group VI rats was injected with 1% carrageenan (arthritic rats) and received saline solution orally (arthritic control rat group), group VII, VIII and IX: arthritic rats received 2.50, 5.0 or 10 mg/kg of eugenol orally respectively, group X: arthritic rats was administered with 0.20 mg/kg of dexamethasone orally. The animals were treated for 21 days, thereafter, tibiofemoral histological examination, thiobabituric acid reactive substances level, arginase, nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase, 5´-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase activities were assessed. Tibiofemoral histological examination result showed that infiltration of inflammatory cells was significantly decreased with an increase in eugenol dose. Activities of arginase, adenosine triphosphate and adenosine monophosphate hydrolyses were significantly decreased while adenosine diphosphate hydrolysis and adenosine deaminase activities were significantly increased in arthritic rat groups administered with different doses of eugenol. Therefore, eugenol might be a natural complement and alternative promising anti-arthritic agent. These possible anti-arthritic mechanisms may be partly through the modulation of arginase and adenosine nucleotides hydrolyzing enzyme activities as well as the antioxidative action of eugenol. 

 Italian Journal Of Anatomy And Embryology

 Journal

 Mucus Secretion And Collagen Fibres Integrity Are Compromised In Aspirin Induced Gastric Lesion; Protective Role Of Musa Paradisiaca

 Alese MO, Adewole OS, Ijomone OM, Ofusori DA, Alese OO

 2018

The study investigated the healing effects of flavonoid-rich fraction of Musa paradisiaca fruit on the gastric corpus of Wistar rats following aspirin induced-gastric lesion. Ninety adult male Wistar rats were assigned to 6 groups. Gastric lesion was induced in groups B, C, D, E and F rats by administration of 400 mg/kg aspirin. After 24 hours, the extract of M. paradisiaca was administered to groups C, D and E at graded doses for 21 days. Group F rats received omeprazole at 1.8 mg/kg daily for 21 days. The rats were sacrificed on days 14, 21 and 28. Gastric tissues were fixed in neutral buffered formalin and processed by paraffin wax embedding. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s trichrome and periodic acid-Schiff’s. There was a gradual restoration of the damaged epithelia in the treatment groups. Histomorphometric studies revealed a significant increase in the total thickness of mucosal layers in the treatment groups when compared with aspirin only group. There was a dose-dependent improvement in staining for mucins in the treatment groups. Also, the treatment groups displayed a progressively positive stain for deposition of collagen. It is concluded that M. paradisiaca significantly attenuated the damaging effects of aspirin on the gastric mucosa, probably via a mechanism involving increase in mucin secretion. 

 J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol

 Journal

 Influence Of Loranthus Micranthus On Hepatic And Renal Antioxidant Status And Impaired Glycolytic Flux In Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

 Ebokaiwe AP, Ijomone OM, Edeh O, Oteh I, Ebuka DE

 2018

Background: The use of Loranthus micranthus in folklore medicine for treatment of diabetes and its associated complications is a common practice around the world. The present study investigated this traditional affirmation by in vivo investigation into the effect of L. micranthus leaf extract on hepatic and renal, oxidative status and glucose metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced in adult male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/ kg). The diabetic rats were thereafter treated orally once per day with 5 mg/kg gilbenclamide or L. micranthus leaf extract (100 or 200 mg/kg) and monitored for 14 days. Clinical observations, plasma biochemistry, hormonal profile, oxidative stress parameters, glucose metabolism enzymes and histopathologic examination of the liver and kidney were evaluated to monitor treatment-related effects of L. micranthus leaf extract in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Results: Loranthus micranthus leaf extract administration significantly ameliorated hyperglycemia-mediated damage by decreasing the blood glucose level (45.9% and 84.7% on days 7 and 14 posttreatment, respectively), enhancing the antioxidant status, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and improving the architecture of the liver and kidney in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, intervention of L. micranthus leaf extract restored the liver and kidney function biomarkers and increased the plasma levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxine to normal control in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Conclusions: The findings from this investigation provide credible scientific support for the traditional use of L. micranthus leaf extract in the treatment of diabetes and its associated complications. 

 Redox Report

 Journal

 Alteration In Sperm Characteristics, Endocrine Balance And Redox Status In Rats Rendered Diabetic By Streptozotocin Treatment: Attenuating Role Of Loranthus Micranthus

 Ebokaiwe AP, Ijomone OM, Osawe SO, Chukwu CJ, Ejike CE, Zhang G, Wang F

 2018

Objectives: Loranthus micranthus is widely used in Nigerian folklore treatment of male infertility and diabetes complications. We investigated this claim in rats rendered diabetic by streptozotocin (STZ). Methods: Induction of diabetes mellitus in adult male Wistar rats was by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg). The diabetic rats were thereafter treated orally once/day with 5 mg/kg Gilbenclamide or L. micranthus (100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg) and monitored for 14 days. Clinical observations, hormonal profile, oxidative stress parameters, glucose metabolism enzymes, histopathological examination, apoptotic marker immunoreactivity and western blotting in testes and sperm parameters were evaluated to examine effects of L. micranthus on STZ-diabetic rats. Results: L. micranthus treatment significantly reduced the blood glucose level (45.9% and 84.7% on the 7th and 14th post-treatment days, respectively); increased antioxidant status, improved microarchitecture of testes, reduced lipid peroxidation and increased BCl-2 protein expression in diabetic rats relative to control. Furthermore, treatment with L. micranthus increased steroidogenic enzymes activities, levels of steroid hormones and improved sperm quality, relative to control. Conclusion: The anti-diabetic and aphrodisiac properties exhibited by L. micranthus could be contingent on its ability to restore a balance to the compromised redox status that characterizes male reproductive dysfunction in diabetes. 

 Journal Of Trace Elements In Medicine And Biology

 Journal

 Nickel-induced Neurodegeneration In The Hippocampus, Striatum And Cortex; An Ultrastructural Insight, And The Role Of Caspase-3 And -synuclein

 Ijomone OM, Olatunji SY, Owolabi JO, Naicker T, Aschner M

 2018

NILL 

 Drug & Chemical Toxicology

 Journal

 Sub-acute Nickel Exposure Impairs Behavior, Alters Neuronal Microarchitecture, And Induces Oxidative Stress In Rats’ Brain

 Ijomone OM, Okori SO, Ijomone OK, Ebokaiwe AP

 2018

NILL 

 Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology

 Journal

 Elegans As A Model In Developmental Neurotoxicology

 Ruszkiewicz JA, Pinkas A, Miah MR, Weitz RL, Lawes MJA, Akinyemi AJ, Ijomone OM, Aschner M. C

 2018

NILL